Economists debunk myth linking immigration to crime

Olivier Marie, Professor of Labour Economics at Erasmus School of Economics, and co-authors of the op-ed Gianmarco Daniele and Paolo Pinotti argue that this idea, often perpetuated by political figures and certain media outlets, lacks empirical support and is contradicted by extensive research.

According to the economists, studies conducted in the United States, Italy, and the United Kingdom confirm that immigration does not have a significant impact on crime rates. Instead, restrictive policies that criminalise undocumented immigrants or limit their access to employment can actually contribute to an increase in crime.

Gap between perception and reality

The misconception linking immigration to crime has been a central theme in political rhetoric, particularly in the United States. U.S. President Donald Trump has frequently associated immigration with crime, making it a key issue in his campaigns. In a rally in Waunakee, Wisconsin, on 1 October 2024, Trump claimed, ‘The migrant crime epidemic is the worst thing that has happened to our country in 50 years.’ His stance appears to resonate with voters, as a September 2024 Pew Research Center poll found that immigration and crime ranked among the top three priorities for Trump supporters, just behind the economy.

Despite such assertions, research consistently shows a gap between public perception and reality. Olivier Marie and his co-authors emphasise that policies informed by evidence rather than fear-mongering are essential for fostering social cohesion and economic prosperity.